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| Purkinje fibers |
The History and Present Relevance of the Purkinje discoveries. It has been 160 years now since Purkinje published his findings of conduction fibers in the heart in Archiv f. Anatomie u. Physiologie, and 166 years since the Polish version of this publication. Even during Purkinje’s life, some anatomists had studied the morphology of these fibers, but nobody at that time understood the great physiological and medical importance this discovery would have for medicine.
This can be seen as late as the 20th century and even today. Purkinje’s work triggered a cascade of these discoveries, which led at the beginning of the previous century to the formulation of the basic scheme of the conduction system. Purkinje fibers or Purkinje cardiomyocytes are part of the whole complex of the cardiac conduction system, which is today classified as specific heart muscle tissue responsible for the generation of the heart impulses. From the point of view of their ultrastructural composition, the cells of different parts of the cardiac conduction system are largely similar.
In contrast to heart contractile cardiomyocytes, the cells of the cardiac conduction system including Purkinje fibers have a few myofibrils, fewer small mitochondria and thus a light cytoplasm as well as a higher glycogen content, but their T-tubular system is tiny or absent. These cells can be detected with some morphological, histochemical methods. However, the cells of the conduction system are not completely uniform as they differ in size, a number of nexuses-gaps, intercalary disks and in some other features in the individual parts of the conduction system.
However, these specialized cells work as a whole. Nowadays morphological research concerning all parts of the cardiac conduction system, including Purkinje fibers, is focused on ultrastructural, histochemical and genetic issues, with the aim of preventing and treating disturbances of the conduction system such as arrhythmias with the increasingly popular genetic therapy - and possibly of replacing electrical pacemakers with biological ones. If Jan Evangelista Purkinje had lived nowadays, he would have been surprised and delighted at the degree and extent of research and the clinical application his discovery induced. Download Here for More
Purkinje fibers histology
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